| Date | 2024.9.3 (16：00 - 17：00) |
|---|---|
| Venue |
Meeting ID:893 6682 6722 Passcode:445617 |
| Speaker | Dr. Aymerick Eudes |
| Affiliation | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (U.S.A.) |
| Title | "Engineering crops for a sustainable bioeconomy" ＜Abstract＞ Lignocellulosic biomass is an important renewable feedstock for the manufacture of advanced biofuels and bioproducts. Engineering bioenergy crops to modify lignin and accumulate value-added coproducts in planta is an attractive approach to increasing the value of lignocellulosic biomass. In the first part, the effect of expressing a S-adenosylmethionine hydrolase (AdoMetase) in the bioenergy crop sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) will be presented. This approach reduces the cofactor S-adenosylmethionine and impacts the activity of the O-methyltransferases involved in lignin synthesis. The transgenic lines have reductions in lignin content, which result in improvements of biomass saccharification efficiency compared to the wildtype under both greenhouse and field growth conditions. The analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome revealed some changes in metabolic processes other than lignin biosynthesis, indicating some pleiotropic effects associated with AdoMetase expression. In the second part, several examples of plant metabolic engineering that enable the accumulation of valuable compounds in biomass will be presented. For example, by re-routing intermediates of the shikimate pathway involved in lignin biosynthesis, our team has focused on the in-planta accumulation of muconic acid (MA), 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC), and beta-ketoadipate (β-KA), which are promising building block chemicals to make performance-advantaged biopolymers. We showed that expression of bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (QsuB) in plastids results in the accumulation of protocatechuate (PCA). Further, conversion of PCA into MA, PDC, or β-KA was obtained by introducing additional enzymes from microbial aromatic catabolic pathways into plant hosts. Model plant systems such as Arabidopsis and tobacco are used to screen the functionality of these de-novo metabolic pathways and determine the impact on lignin. The design of bioenergy crops (i.e., switchgrass, poplar, and sorghum) that feature synthetic pathways for the production of MA, PDC, or β-KA and concomitant reduction of lignin will be presented. The effect of accumulating simple aromatics on biomass saccharification and conversion into bioproducts via yeast fermentation will also be highlighted. These engineering approaches combine in feedstocks the production of value-added chemicals with reduced biomass recalcitrance towards sustainable production of bioenergy and bioproducts. |
| Language | English |
| Intended for | Everyone is welcome to join. |
| Co-Organized by | Institute of Global Innovation Research "FOOD" Kajita Team Excellent Leader Development for Super Smart Society by New Industry Creation and Diversity |
| Contact | Institute of Global Innovation Research, Institute of Agriculture Prof. Shinya Kajita Email: kajita(at) cc.tuat.ac.jp |
| Remarks | ※On-line Seminar by Zoom |
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